avery



Dec. 19, 1944? AVERY 2,365,324

TABULATING MECHANISM Filed June 11, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheetl ElE l 200 I /22373 /9/0 am I N V EN TOR. Ham/a T Awe/y ATTORNEY.

H. T. AVERY 2,355,324 I TABULA'I ING MEGHANI SM Filed June 11, 1938 7Sheets-Sheet 2 IN V EN TOR. harq/a T. Kit er ATTORNEY.

Dec. 19, 1944.

H. T. AVERY TABULATING MECHANISM Filed June 11, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 INVEN 1' OR. Harald 7. Aye/y.

ATTORNEY.

. Dec. 19, 1944. AVERY 2,365,324

TABULATING MECHANISM Filed June 11, 1958 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 LE 1 E 1 U250-19 250-13 280-: 250-0 280 254 283 Elam 315.115 315.110 IEIEJID5516-115 Haro/dIAve/y. I WW A TTORNEY.

Dec. 19, 1944. H. 'r. AVERY TABULATING MECHANISM filed June 11, 1938 7Sheets -Sheer. 5

IN V EN TOR -/7aro/a 7. Ave/y.

A TTORNEY WNW WH MHIH Dec. l9, 1944. H. T. AVERY 2,365,324.

TABULATING MEGHANI SM Filed June 11, 1938 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 FIE LLF5INVENTOR. Ham/a 7T Avery.

A TTORNEY Patentcdfiee. m, 1944 Harold T. Avery, Oakland, Gail? assignorto Merchant Calculating Machine Company, a corporation of CaliforniaApplication June 11, 1938, Serial No. 213,195

26 Claims.

The present invention relates to calculating machines of the typeadapted to perform the four cardinal calculations and combinationsthereof, and particularly to the type "in which the actuators aremounted in the frame of the machine and a register is mounted in acarriage, transversely shiftable on said frame.

This invention is disclosed as embodied in a machine. of the .type shownin the Avery Patent Number 2,271,240 issued January 27, 1942, onapplication, Serial Number 84,927, filed June 12, 1936, to whichreference is hereby made for a disclosure of the complete calculatingmachine, including mechanisms not specifically disclosed herein. It isto he understood, however, that although the invention is shown appliedto a machine in which the carriage is shifted and the actuators arestationary, it is applicable to any calculating machine in which thecarriage is stationary and the actuators are shifted,or one in which thecarriage and actuators are station any and devices connecting theactuators and the register are shifted.

In a calculating machine of the general type disclosed in the aforesaidpatent, a power transmission mechanism is provided, whereby theshiftable carriage may be traversed laterally by power derived from themotor. Control of this carriage shifting is effected by clutch meansforming a part of such mechanism, and a key, or preferably two keys, areprovided, whereby the clutch means may be rendered effective to causethe carriage to be shifted in one, or selectively in the otherdirection. in related types of ma chines the actuators may be shiftedwith respect to a fixed register, or devices connecting a fixed registerfixed actuators may be shifted by similar power transmission mechanisms.

When a carriage shift control key is depressed by the operator of such amachine the carriage is thus moved, in the selected direction, in to thedesired operating position. The clutch means mined by the release of ashift key at the correct time; therefore, it is necessary for theoperator to hold his attenticntothe operation of the machine until ithas been stopped.

In the same type of machine, however, with l the present inventionincorporated, the desired functioning in this operation operatecyclically carriage. position is selected, and a shift of the carriagethereto initiated by the depression of one of a plurality of tahulatorselection keys. Alternatively, by the partial depression of one of saidkeys, the operator may predeter'mine the position to which the carriagewili be shifted upon subsequent depression of a master tahulator key. Ina machine embodying this invention the tah-ulator key selected islatched downand the carriage shifting mechanism is automaticallyarrested when the carriage reaches its selected position, thereby makingit unnecessary for the operator tohold his attentionto the operation ofthe machine.

It is an object of the invention to provide improved antcmatic means,in. machines of this position by a single manual stroke oi selected oneof series oi tahnlator izeys.

A further object to provide means a series oi tahulator selection. keysmay nativeiy employed, either to initiate antomatte positioning oi thecarriage to a 1 position, or to predetermine the position to v,

the carriage will he shifted upon depression of the master talouiatorkey.

A further object is to provide controls for the automatic carriagepositioning mechanism, including a series of selectively operable keysso arranged that complete depression of any oi them will both select thepositionto which the carriage is to betraversed and initiate' theautomatic traversing; while the latching of any of said keys in apartially depressed positionwill determine the position to which thecarriage will be automatically traversed upon subsequentdepression of amaster tabulator key.

A further object is to provide means for automatically bringing thecarriage to a selected position in combination with keys for steppingthe carriage one or more steps in either direction from the selectedposition.

A further object is to provide means for traversing the carriage incombination with means for automatically arresting its movement ateither of its extreme end positions.

A further object is to provide an easily operating trigger means forinitiating automatic carriage positioning in combination with means forautomatically disabling the trigger when the carriage is in the selectedposition.

Other objects will appear during the following detailed description of apreferred form of the invention, reference being made to theaccompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, in which:

Figure 1 is a plan view of the machine showing the location of thetabulator keys and the master tabulator key-in relation to the clearkeys for restoring the several registers to zero.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right side of themachine, showing part of the standard key section, the completetabulator key section and the mechanism controlled thereby to positionthe control levers.

Figure 3 is a detailed sectional view, taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 2showing the interlocks between the tabulator key stems.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right, showingthe tabulator operating bail and link, provided to initiate a shift.

Figure 5 is a detailed sectional view, from the right side of themachine, showing the mechanism for maintaining the shift mechanism inoperation until the desired carriage position is reached and therestrainin latch, which disables said mechanism when a directional shiftkey is operated.

Figure 6 is a detailed sectional view from the right showing the meansfor disabling the tabulator shift initiating mechanism when the carriageis in its tabulated position.

Figure '7 is an enlarged sectional view taken on line I-I of Figure 5.

Figure 8 is a detailed sectional view from the right. showing themechanism for determining the direction of the shift, and relatedmechanism.

Figure 9 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right, showingthe master tabulator key and linkage operated thereby to trip the mainoperating lever, and means for recocking said operating lever.

Figure 10 is an enlarged perspective view of the tabulator controllevers and their relative position to the tabulator controller.

Figures 11A, 11B, 11C, 11D, and 11E are schematic sectional views, takenon the lines I IA, I I8, IIC, IID, and HE of Figure 12, showing theseveral positions of the control levers in relation to the shaft towhich they are keyed.

Figure 12 is a schematic view showing the relation of the-control leversto the tabulator controller and the means for stopping the shift whenthe carriage reaches its extreme end positions.

Figure 13 is a detailed sectional view of the planetary shift clutch andits connection to the carriage.

Figure 14 is a view, in elevation, of the right side of the planetaryshift clutch and its linkage to the tabulator operating arm.

Figure 14A is a fragmentary view in elevation showing the twodirectional shift keys and the means for thereby controlling themechanism shown in Figure 14.

Figure 15 is a detailed sectional view taken on the line I5-I5 of Figure16.

Figure 16 is a fragmentary view, in elevation, of the left side of themachine, showing the driving means from the carriage to the tabulatorworm shaft.

. Figure 17 is a detail section, as viewed from the right, showing thekeyboard dial clear key. and its associated clear bail.

Figure 18 is a detail section, as viewed from the right, showing theclear bail and means for releasing the numeral keys of the keyboard.

Figure 19 is a longitudinal section, as viewed from the right, showingthe counter and product dial clear keys, and the control exertedthereby,-

over the clear clutches, and the interlocking means between the clearingand shifting control mechanisms.

Carriage shifting mechanism The controlling mechanism embodying thepresent invention to be hereinafter describedis designed to controlcarriage shifting mechanism of the type used in the commercially knownMarchant calculating machines. It is, therefore, desirable to give abrief description of the operation of this carriage shifting mechanismbefore an explanation of the novel controls therefor.

An electric motor (not shown) is connected through suitable gears andshafts to gear 382 (Figure 13) to drive the shift clutch, said gearbeing rotatably mounted on shaft I300 which is positionedbetween thecenter and right side frames of the machine described in the abovementioned Avery patent. Gear 048, used to drive unrelated mechanisms, isalso rotatably mounted on shaft I306 by a flanged sleeve I30! which iskeyed to the hub of gear 362 and secured by rivets to gear 048, the samerivets affixing a dished ring gear supporting disc I309 to the said gear643.

The shift clutch comprises an internal ring gear ISIS secured to thesupporting disc I303 and in mesh with three planetary gears I3Il(Figures 13 and 14) riveted to each of three shafts I3I'I, respectively,which extend through clearance holes provided in a ratchet wheel I303and have end bearings in plates I3I3 and I3; said plates and saidratchet wheel being secured together as a rigid unit by studs I 3030.The gears I3 I 0 mesh also with a sun gear I320 formed upon one end of asleeve I32 I, to the opposite end of which is keyed a second ratchetwheel I335. Gear teeth I322 formed on the shafts I3ll mesh with a secondsun gear I321 to which is secured gear I 324 by which power istransmitted from the shift clutch to the shift drive train.

This shift clutch may be operated to transmit power to the shift drivetrain selectively rotating the same in either direction. Gear 302 isalways rotated when the motor is running, thereby driving gear 640 andring gear I3Il so that planetary gears I3I0 and their associated gearsI322 normally revolve idly about sun Bear I321. If the ratchet wheelI303 is held, however, as when dog I302 (Figure 14) is rocked intoengagement therewith, revolution of the planetary gears III. and gearI322 about sun gear I323 and I321 is prevented and said planetary gearsfunction as idlers to transmit the drive to the sun gear I32! and itsassociated gear I324. If, however, the other angle bracket I343.

ratchet wheel I305 is held by the dog I304 (Figlife 14), being rockedinto engagement therewith, sun gear I320 (Figure 13) will be heldstationary and the planetary gears I3I0 and gear I322 will all rotateabout their own centers and revolve about sun gear I320, thereby drivingthe gear I324 in the opposite direction. Furthermore, if the clutchcontrol dog I30I is in its neutral position, shown in Figure 14, whereinneither dog I302 nor I304 is engaged, the differential merely idles andthere is no drive to the shifting mechanism.

The direction of rotation of the gear I324 determines the direction ofthe shift of the carriage. The gear I328 meshing with gear I324 isrotatably mounted on shaft I33I (Figure 13) between friction discs I330and I332 keyed to said shaft. A sleeve I333 also is mounted on shaftI33I and supports a cam I334 thereon while a disc I335 is keyed to theshaft I33I. A disc I302 on which are two rollers, I363, used to functionwith centralizer I354, is also keyed t the shaft I33I and spring I331 iscompressed between washer I333 and lock nuts I 339 on the threaded endof said shaft. This construction provides for a friction driveconnection between gear I320 and shaft I33I effected by the discs I330and I332, which are pressed against the gear I320 by spring I331 bearingagainst the washer I338, the roller and plate assembly I352. the spacerI333, and the disc I335.

The shaft I33I is supported in a suitable hearing I340 securely mountedin a frame of the machine and a second bearing I344 riveted on an A camI345 is keyed to the end of shaft I33I and a bevel gear I34I is fixed onthe same shaft to mesh with a second beve gear I342 securely mountedon.the lower end of vertical shaft 334, also supported in the adjustableangle bracket I343 secured to the base plate of the machine.

The aforesaid shaft 334 is supported at its upper end by bracket 358secured to the back frame plate of the machine,' and also has fixedthereto a hub and plate assembly 350 on which are mounted rollers 351,adapted to engage between the teeth of rack 355 mounted on the shiftablecarriage 350 (Figure 16), and thus, upon rotation of the assembly 355 byshaft 334, serves to drive the carriage laterally to the right or to theleft.

The carriage may be released for free traverse by rocking rack 355(Figure 16) about shaft 34I upwardly out of engagement with rollers 351.This rack may be rocked about its shaft 34I by means of arm 335 whichextends through the cover of the carriage and carries a handle 330.

Said arm is normally pulled against a stop 338 by spring 331 so thatupon depression of said lever the spring is tensioned, and the rack 355is rocked in a clockwise direction out of engagement with roller 351.

In this manner the carriage can be freed and moved to any desiredlateral position, but if the operator should stop the carriage out of anoperating position the teeth of the rack will not be aligned with therollers 351 and when the handle 335 is released the rack 355 will reston top of the rollers 351, where it will remain until the shaft 334 isrotated in an attempt to shift the carriage. When this takes place,however, one of the rollers 351 during the first shift cycle will becomealigned with a tooth space-thereby allowing the rack to be forceddownwardly into engagement with one of the rollers by spring'331. andduring the ensuing shift cycles will be traversed thereby to a selectedposition in the regular way.

Gil

Carriage shift controlling mechanism Means are provided to alternativelyrock either dog I302 or I304 (Figure 14) into engagement with clutchratchet I303 or I305, respective y, to effect a rightward or leftwardcarriage shift. Said means comprises a lever I480 fixed on shaft I485and having at its upper end, two facing lugs I430, and a lever I481.also provided with two identical facing lugs I400. The lever I48I,however, is freely rockable on shaft I485 adjacent lever I480, and aspring I430 is compressed between the four coincidental lugs I486,thereby,

forming a yieldable connection between levers I480 .and MM, by means ofwhich lever I480, integral with shaft I485, can transmit its motion tolever I40I only through spring I480. If lever I40I is restrained whenshaft I485 and lever I480 are rocked, the spring I490 will merely befurther compressed and no damage to the parts will result from suchrestraint.

The lower end of lever I48I is attached to the left end of link I483 sothat the rocking of lever I48I imparts longitudinal movement to linkI483, said link being provided with a notch I414 on the right endthereof to embrace a lateral extension I41I formed on the lower end oflever I315, whereby longitudinal movement of link I483 will effectrocking movement of lever I315 about its supporting shaft I318. Theupper end of lever I315 is attached to a link I314 SO that the rocking 1of lever I315 imparts longitudinal movement to link I314 which has atits rear end an aperture in which are two facing lugs I5I0. Adjacent therear end thereof, is another link I5II with an identical aperture, alsowith two facing lugs I5I0. Links I314 and I5II are yieldably connectedby compression spring I5I2 located over the four lugs Link I5II ispivotally connected at its forward end to the shift clutch control dogI30I by stud I5I3, so that longitudinal movement of link I314 will causethe clutch control dog to rock about shaft I299. As previously describedunder the sub-heading Carriage shifting mechanism, control dog I30Iconstitu s the controlling means for the shift clutch I300, and thedirection of the rocking of control dog I30I determine the direction ofthe shift b its engagement with ratchet Wheel I303 or I305.

Two levers are fixed to shaft I485 from which control of said shaft isderived, one being the tabulator operating lever 250 (Figure 14), thefunction of which will be described hereinafter in connection with the"Tabulator initiating mechanism, and lever I482 (Figure 14A), which isactuated by the shift keys I405 and I406 to directly effect shifting ofthe carriage in either direction.

As shown in Figure 14A, these keys are mounted on the usual verticallysliding stems, which are connected by links I401 and I403, pivotallyconnected at pin 1409. Spring I4I0 tensioned between one of said linksand the machine frame. normally retains both keys in raised .position,but upon depression of one of the keys the pin I408 is moved either tothe right or to the left. according to the key selected, being guided insuch movements by a fixed member I4|1 which also serves to preventsimultaneous depression of the keys. The pin. I409 is embraced by thebifurcated upper end of lever I482, mentioned above as one of the twolevers fixed to shaft I485. Therefore, it will be seen that upondepression of the shift key I405 the pin I409 is moved to the right,rocking lever I482 and shaft I485 clockwise to engage dog I302 withratchet wheel I303 and effect a rightward carriage shift, while upondepression of shift key I406 the pin I409 is moved to the left, rockingthe lever I482 and shaft I485 counter-clockwise to engage dog I304 withratchet I305 and effect a carriage shift to the left, in a mannerdescribed hereinbefore.

Means are provided whereb the dogs I302 and I304 are held in engagementwith their respective ratchet wheels during approximately the firstthree quarters of the shift cycle, to insure the completion of anyinitiated shift no matter how quickly the key is released; On a leftwardextension of the clutch control dog I30i (Figure 14) is a formed earI354 engaging the projection I353 of the latch I350, said latch beingpivotally mounted at I35I and urged into engagement with said ear byspring I352. When control dog I301 is moved, either clockwise orcounter-clockwise, the ear I354 is held by latch I350 which rocks aboutshaft I35I under the tension of spring I352 and seats its projectionI353 either above or below ear I354, thus latching the clutch controldog I30I against return movement.

Provision is made for additionally tensioning spring I352 at thebeginning of the shift cycle, and for this purpose centralizer I364 isutilized, the upper end of spring I352 being attached to the extremeleft end thereof. clutch I300 first begins to rotate, rollers I363,mounted on disc I362, revolve about shaft I33I and in their movement,one of said rollers cams the centralizer I364 upwardly, thereby exertingmor and more tension on spring I352 until the shaft i33i has madeone-quarter of a rotation.

Provision is made for moving latch I350 (Figure 14) to release ear I354at about three-quarter cycle position. It will be seen that the camI334, utilized for this purpose, includes two opposite rises over whicha nose I351 of latch I350 rides. Upon counter-clockwise rotation of thecam from the position shown in Figure 14, the nose I351 rides over oneof these at the end of about threequarters of its cycle, To secure thesame cyclic time of operation of latch I350 for the reverse rotation ofshaft I33I, the cam I334 is free on shaft I33I and is driven by the discI335 keyed to said shaft, the disc being provided with two shouldersI360 on opposite sides thereof so that upon clockwise rotation of discI335 from the position shown in Figure 14, pin i335 on the cam I334 isengaged by the shoulder 360 on the opposite side, only after the dischas rotated about three-eighths of a rotation (which is three-quartersof its cycle), and the rocking of latch I350 and disengagement of earI354 occurs at the correct cyclic time.

When the latch I350 is thus released, th clutch control dog IBM isautomatically centralized to remove the effective dog I302 or I304 fromengagement with its ratchet. For this purpose centralizer I403 ispivotally mounted in the machine frame at I404, provided with a lugI403a extending laterally into engagement with lever I315 above thepivot I318, and an adjustable lug I4I'I having an offset I4I6 engagingthe lever I315 below said pivot and pressed against the lever I315 by aspring I400 tensioned between a lateral extension I402 and a stud I40Iin the machine frame. Thus, th centralizer I403 tends to maintainthe'lever I315 in a neutral position in which the clutch dog I30I willbe ineffective,.and will return it to said neutral positionautomatically upon release oflatch i 350, provided the operating keysI405 and I406 are released.

When the shift Although the drive to the carriage through the shiftclutch is thus terminated at approximately three-quarter cycle position,the shift drive train will be rotated through the remainder of itscycle, consisting of one-quarter rotation of shaft Illl, by thecentralizer I384, pressed by spring I252 against rollers I363 on discI382 secured to said shaft. In addition to completing the shift cycle,the centralizer I364 and I rollers I363 also serve to restrain anymovements beyond the end 01' the cycle so that the carriage will alwayscome to rest in an operating position.

Tabuldtor setting mechanism The machine shown in Figure l is one inwhich the carriage may be moved to eight difl'erent operating positionsand it therefore has eight tabulator selection keys 200, but could havemore or less, depending upon the capacity of the machine, and it is tobe understood that the mechanism controlled by each of the tabulatorselection keys is duplicated in all orders of the machine, but that onlyone order will be described in detail.

The tabulator selection keys 200 have two primary functions; first, toposition the tabulator controlling-mechanism for a shift in the correctdirection; and, second, to initiate a shift.

The means provided to condition the tabulating selection mechanism areoperable by anyoneof the tabulator selection keys 200 consisting of twofunctionally integral rportion which are preferably made separate forconvenience in manufacture and assembly. The upper portion of each key200 (Figure 2) consists of a stem 2I'II which is slidably mountedpreferably in the same key frame IOI provided to support the numeralkeys I00. The bottom of each stem 20I is positioned to operate againstthe top of a lower portion of the respective key 200 which consists of astem 202, which is slidably mounted in the tabulator key frame 208,securely held in a lateral position in the machine by two brackets 203attached to the front frame plate of the machine.

Each key 200 is normally held in a raised position by compression spring204, compressed between the frame 208 and an ear 2I2 of stem 202. On thelower end of each stem 202 is a notch adapted to embrace the lateralextension 2 I I of a lever 2I5, rockably mounted on shaft 236, so thatdownward movement of the stem 202 will impart counter-clockwise movementto lever 2I5 about shaft 236. A roller 2I6 is riveted On the rearwardlyextending arm of lever H5 and is adapted to impinge one or the other ofthe divergent sides 28I of the tabulator control lever 280 and cam it tothe position shown in Figure 2. The mechanism shown in this figure isthat of an order in which the key 200 has been depressed and all partsar in the position they assume when the carriage has come to rest in itstabulated position.

Means are provided to latch the stem 202 in a partially depressedposition so that the key 200 of which it is a part will remain depresseduntil the latch is released by the depression of another one of theserie of tabulator selection keys 200. The lugs 209 (Figure 3), on thelower end of the stems 202, are provided with a curved surface at thebottom,adapted to cam the lock bar 2I3 to the right, against acompression spring (not shown) during the downward movement of a stem202 until its lug 209 passes beneath the lock bar 2I3, and thus allowssaid lock bar to spring back to a position overlying the top of the lug209, thereby holding the stem in a partially depressed position, untilanother key 200 is depressed and its corresponding lug 209 again camsthe lock bar to the :ght, thus allowing the key first depressed to beraised by spring 204 (Figure 2), and the second key to remain down du tolatching its stem 202 in the same manner as the first.

Pendulum type interlocks 205 (Figure 3) are provided to prevent thesimultaneous depression oi. two or more keys, and are attached to thetabulator key frame 208 by the shoulder studs 206 so that saidinterlocks are free to rock about their respective studs. The stems 202are provided with arms 212 (Figure 2) to operate. against the shoulders201 of the interlocks 205. As shown in Figure 3, a stem 202 has beendepressed and the ear 212 of said stem in passing downwardly between thetwo adjacent interlocks 205 has forced the interlock to the rightthereof to rock counterclockwise about the stud 205, and similarly hasforced the interlock to the left thereof in a clockwise direction. Inthese movements of the interlocks, the opposit shoulder 201 abuts theadjacent shoulder of the next interlock 205, and so on, until allinterlocks to the left of the depressed stem 202 have been rockedclockwise and all Tabulator controlling mechanism An indication of thedesired position of the carriage having been set into the tabulatorcontrol mechanism by the depression of one of the keys 200, it is alsonecessary to set into said mechanism an indication of the presentposition of the carriage, and for this latter purpose a tabulatorcontroller movable in time with the lateral shifting movement of thecarriage is provided. Tabulator controller 210 (Figures 2 and isriveted, or otherwise secured, to two rearwardly extending, arms 21I oithe bail 213. Said bail is mounted on, and is free to move rockably andtransversely on the worm shaft 216, and between the flanges of the bail218, from whicharms 211 are extended, is a bushing 213 and a nut 212which engages the groove of the worm shaft 215. On one end oi the nut212 (Figure 10) is a flange 203, having a bifurcation 214 formed on oneside thereof, adapted to embrace an angle plate 210 (Figure 2), securedto key frame 208, thereby preventing rotation of the nut 212 with theshaft 215 and causing rotation of said shaft to effect transversemovement of the nut 212, the bail 219, and the controller 210.

Means are provided whereby movement of the carriage will drive thewormshait 215 (Figures 10 and 16) at such a rate as will impart alateral movement to the controller 210 proportionate to the movement ofthe carriage, but in the opposite direction; this opposite directionaldrive being necessary only because the number one tabulator selectionkey 200 is preferably situated at the extreme right side of the keyboardwhile the numher one position of the carriage is at the extreme left.For this purpose a driving rack 333 (Figures 15 and 16) is attached tothe carriage 350 and has downwardly protruding teeth adapted to engage aspur gear 332 fixed to the upper end of a shaft 330, Two brackets Illand 321, secured to the machine frame, support the upper and lower endsof shaft 330, respectively, bracket 33! having a bearing fixed thereto,while the bracket 321 supports an adjustable thrust bearing 323, inwhich the lower end of the shaft 330 is journal-ed while a nut 323permits adjustment of said thrust bearing to insure the correctclearance between a bevel gear 326 secured to the lower end of shaft 330and a second bevel gear 325 fixed to the left end of worm shaft 215.This construction affords a positive drive from the carriage 350 to theworm shaft 215 and the correct timing thereof, and in viewing Figure 15it will be seen that leftward movement of rock 353 impartscounterclockwise rotation to gear 332, shaft 330, and bevel gear 326(Figure 16) which in turn rotates bevel gear 325 in mesh therewith andits integral shaft 215 in a clockwise direction to ultimately produce arightward movement of controller 210 (Figure 10) The controller 215(Figure 10) is so mounted as to permit it to rock a suiilcient amountabout its shaft 215 to freely follow the movement of control levers 280as they are rocked about shaft 285 from one to another of their variousdisplaced positions. Two projections 253 (Figure 2) are provided on theflange 253 of the nut 212 to serve as limit stops for the bail 219connecting arms 211. The distance between the projections 268, however,is enough greater than the width of the bail to allow the requiredmovement of the controller 218 and bushing 213 with respect to the nut212 and member 259.

Shaft 285 (Figure 2 isprovided with a wide keyway into which keys 282 ofmembers 280 extend; said keys being sufliciently narrower than theirkeyway to permit limited rocking movement of each of the levers 250 withrespect to shaft 285.

The controller 210 extends laterally a sufficient distance to insurethat it will always engage in the recesses 215 of at least threeadjacent members 280, and has three steps of different elevation, 211,215a, and 213 (Figure 12), by virtue of which it positively positionsthe control levers 280 engaged thereby at as great a stagger withrelation to each other as the keyway of shaft 285 will permit (seeFigures 11B, 11C, and 11D). Each lever 280 has alaterally formed ear 233overlying a nose 284 on the next lever to the right in such a mannerthat when a lever is positioned clockwise as shown in Fi ure 11D, allthose to the right of it are positioned equally far clockwise, and

when a lever is positioned counter-clockwise as shown in Figure 113, allto the left of it are positioned equally vfar counter-clockwise. Thuscontroller 210 serves to positively locate all levers 280' with respectto the keyway in shaft 285, the lever 280 engaged by the middle ofcontroller 210 having its key located centrally of the keyway, all thoseto the right thereof against the lower side of the keyway and all thoseto the left against the upper side.

When a tabulator selection key 200 is depressed, a roller 216 (Figure 2)is moved upwardly to rock its respective lever 280 into a definiteangular position, thereby rocking shaft 285 int a position determined bythe angular relation existing between the lever 280 and the keyway inshaft 205, which in turn is determined by which side of the controller210 the key is depressed.

As shown in Figure 10, controller 210 extends laterally a sufficientdistance to engage in the recesses 216 of the three adjacent controllevers 200 B, C, and D, and is formed with the previously describedthree offset portions 216d, 2", and 216, so that the three levers 266 B,C, and D so engaged by it will be rocked to three different angularpositions with. respect to shaft 265, In the present example, the lever2860 (Figures 110 and 12) aligned with the intermediate step 216a, ofcontroller 216, has its key 232 intermediate the keyway of shaft 265,and the lever 2363 (Figure 11B) aligned with the lower step 271 has itskey located against the bottom of said keyway. and the lever 2861)(Figure ill in. line with the upper step 2'56 has its key 232 locatedagainst the upper surface of the keyway in said shaft.

Figures 11A to 11E, inclusive, show control levers 280 positioned asthey would be with the tabulator control key in line with lever 236(Figure 11C) depressed.

If the tabulatcr key in control of lever 283 positioned; as shown inFigure 11A, hereinafter called'order A, is now depressed, the roller 2of order C will be retracted from lever 2660 by the key of order C beingfreed to rise under pressure of spring 266 as described hcreinbefore,and the roller 256 of order A will press against the divergent side of26! of control lever 226A to rotate said control lever clockwise aboutshaft 285.

Now in viewing lever 280A in Figure 10, which is from the left insteadof the right as in the case of Figures 11A and 2, this setting movementof lever 286A forces its lateral extension 263 and arm 264 of lever 280Bdownwardly, which carries the controller 276 upward, thus rocking lever280C and 28GB counter-clockwise. Lever 2661) (Figure 111)) representsthe position of said lever before the setting occurred; therefore thisupward movement of controller 216 just referred to, forces lever 286Dfurther clockwise and the key 282 of said lever, being in the positionshown in Figure 111), rocks shaft 236 with it an equal amount.

If a tabulator key on the other side of controller 210 is depressed, forinstance the one which controls order D (Figure 11D), the roller 2 I ofthat order will be moved upwardly by said tabulator key, thereby rockinglever 260D countor-clockwise and forcing controller 226 downwardly, andin turn rocking levers 260C and 2663 counter-clockwise. Since the key262 of lever 2863 (Figure 113) is against the upper surface of thekeyway of shaft 265, this counter-clockwise movement rocks said shaft anequal amount in a counter-clockwise direction, instead of clockwise aswas the case in the previous exam ple. Therefore, it is evident from theforegoing that the depression of a tabulator key on one side of thecontroller 210 rocks shaft 235 in one direction, but the depression of atabulator key on the other side of said controller rocks shaft 265 inthe opposite direction.

Fixed on the end of shaft 235 (Figure 8) by means of a key of the samewidth as the keyway of the shaft, is a right end control lever 28!!connected by a link 29! with a T member 282 pivotally mounted at 293 onthe main starting lever 240, the operation of which will be describedhereinafter. As shaft 265 is rocked in one direction or the other, asjust described, the T member 292 will be rocked about its pivot 263 tocarry one of its upper arms 284 and 265 over one of the ears 256 and 252of shift operating lever 266' which, as hereinafter described, eflectsoperation of the carriage shifting mechanism in one direction or theother, according to the direction in which T member 262 is rocked.

2,ses,s94

Tabulator initiating mechanism The direction in which the carriage mustbe shifted in order to reach the desired position having beenautomatically determined, means are provided for initiating operation ofthe shifting mechanism to move the carriage to the desired position.

As previously described, the depression of a tabulator key 200 to theposition shown in Figure 2 only conditions the tabulator controllingmechanism for a shift to a selected position. Means are provided,however, whereby a further depression of a key 206 will, if desired,actually initiate tabulation.

It will be noted that the roller 2l6 (Figure 2) of the lever 2l5 is atthe entrance of the slot 236 of lever 23!), having already positionedsaid control lever; therefore, when the lever 216 is rocked furthercounter-clockwise, upon further depression of key 200, the roller 2"merely rises upwardly into the slot without imparting further movementto the control lever 286, but during the said movement of lever 2l5 itsshoulder 2H contacts the flange 23f of the bail 236 pivotally mounted onshaft 236 and provided with a link 23! (Figures 4 and 9) pivotallyattached to the rearwardly extending arm thereof by the shoulder stud233. A notch 236 (Figure 9) is formed on the forward edge of link 23! toreceive one end of a torsion spring 234, while the other end of saidspring is held in a hole in the rear flange 01' the bail 235 so as tourge the link 231 clockwise about stud 233. On the rear side of saidlink is a shoulder 23! adapted to operate against the lower edge oflateral extension 26! (Figure 4) of a starting interponent 260 which isrockably mounted on a fixed stud 262, and urged to rock in acounter-clockwise direction by a spring 263 tensioned between theaperture 264 of the lever 266 and a stationary stud (not shown), suchmovement being limited by the bushing 26! of shaft 265. The upper edgeof the lateral ex" tension 26! abuts the shoulder 266 (Figure 9) of thelower toggle link 265, also pivotally mounted on stud 262, the upper endof which link is pivotally attached to the upper toggle link 263 by stud261, said upper toggle link having an elongated hole 266 at its upperend engaging a stud 242 on starting lever 246.

Said starting lever is pivotally mounted on a stud 243 attached to aframe of the machine, and to the top of its upwardly extending arm 244is connected a tension spring 245, the lower end of which is securelyfastened to the framing of the machine. This toggle link constructionaffords means for maintaining the starting lever 246 in its raisedposition (shown in Figure 9) against the tension of spring 245. It willbe seen that the toggle is in a position just past center,

with a pressure being exerted from spring 246 to lever 246, to uppertoggle link 268, thence to lower toggle link 265 which tends to rockcounterclockwise about stud 262 under this pressure, but is limited bythe bushing 261 onthe shaft 265.

When the tabulator bail 235 (Figure 4) is thus rocked counter-clockwiseabout the shaft 236, the link 23] is raised upwardly, and being heldagainst the lateral extension 26l of the interponent 260 by spring 234,rides along the surface of the lateral extension 26l until its shoulder239 abuts the lower edge of said extension, whereupon it rocks theinterponent 266 clockwise about the stud 262. A similar clockwisemovement is imparted to lower toggle link 265 (Figure 9) by the contactof the upper edge of the lateral extension 2" against the shoulder 266of the toggle link 265 until the toggle link joint at 281 is forced pastcenter, at which time the starting lever 248 is freed to be rockeddownwardly about stud 243 by spring 245, carry-- ing with it the Tmember 232, which has been positioned over ear 252 or 25I, as previouslydescribed, to contact one or the other of the ears of the operatinglever 258, and rotate the operating arm clockwise or counter-clockwise,thus actuating mechanism to engage the shift clutch I388 as described inthe section entitled Carriage shift controlling mechanism.

A master tabulator key 228 (Figures 1 and 9) is also provided forinitiating operation of the tabulator mechanism. This key is providedwith two stems 22I guided for vertical movement on shaft 222 (Figure 9)extending through slots 223 in said stems, and pivotally connected at221 to upward extensions of a bail 228 pivoted on shaft 238 and providedwith a downward extension 228 adapted to contact a lateral extension 232of bail 235 to rock the latter when key 228 is depressed. The key isnormally maintained in raised position by spring 229 tensioned betweenthe pivot stud 221 and a stud 225 on the machine frame, but upondepression will rock bail 235 to initiat operation of the tabulatormechanism as above described.

It is possible to initiate a tabulated shift by means of this mastertabulator key 228 even though no tabulator key 288 stands depressed,since the keys 288 comprise what is known in the art as a flexiblekeyboard and any depressed key 288 may be caused to rise by depressingany other key 288 just sufilciently to move latch bar 2I3 enough torelease the latched down stem 282 and then letting up the second keybefore it has been depressed far enough to cause its stem 282 to belatched down by bar 2 I 3.

Means are provided whereby the right end control lever 298 (Figure 8)will be automatically positioned for a tabulated carriage shift to theleft wheneverthe master tabulator key i thus depressed without acarriage position having been selected by depressing a tabulatorselection key 288. A spring 288 (Figure 8) is tensioned between an upperprojection 299 of end control lever 298 and a stud (not shown) rivetedto a frame of the machine, so that if no tabulator key 288 is depressedso that its stem 282 is latched down-the shaft 285 will be rotated toits extreme counterclockwise position, carrying T member 292 to the leftWhere its arm 294 overlies ear 25I of operating arm 288. Thereafter uponsubsequent depression of the master tabulator key 228, a shift to theleft will result.

Tabulator arresting mechanism Mean are provided to stop a tabulatedshift when the carriage reachesits tabulated position. Referring toFigure 10, assume a shift has been initiated from order C to order A inthe manner previously described, in which the lever 288A and shaft 285will have been rocked counter-clockwise (viewing Figure 10 from theleft) the control lever 288A being positively held by its roller 2I6(Figure 2) and the shaft 285 being held in position by the difference inthe three elevations of the steps of the controller 218, whichdifferentially positions the three lever 288 in contact therewith.

As the carriage and controller 218 traverse toward the controlling order(now order A) and the intermediate step 21641 of the controller movesinto the bifurcation 216 of control lever 288A, the

controller 218 will be forced downwardly by the difference in theelevation of the steps 211 and 216a, and will rock all control levers288 to the right and left of lever 288A clockwise, as viewed in Figure10. The shaft 285 thus will be freed by the levers 288 to the right oflever 288A and positively rocked clockwise by the control levers 288 tothe left of lever 2881A. This rocking of shaft 285 back to neutralfunctions to arrest the tabulated shift in a manner to be describedhere- I lever 248 and means are therefore provided to recock thisstarting lever (Figure 9) by power derived from the shift clutch duringthe first cycle of its operation. On the downwardly extending arm 24I ofthe starting lever is riveted a roller 246 positioned to engage in thehook-shaped forward end of lever 388 so that when starting lever 248moves downwardly the lever 388 is rocked counter-clockwise about shaft38I, and, in turn, rocks the cam follower I341 clockwise about shaft 43Iuntil roller I346, riveted to the rear end of said cam follower,contacts the low surface of the cam I345 which is secured to the shiftjack shaft I33I (Figure 13) and i rotated whenever the shift clutchoperates. At approximately the same time the roller I346 contacts camI345, said cam begins to rotate and rocks the cam follower I346counter-clockwise and lever 388 clockwise, thereby forcing startinglever 248 to its raised position as shown in Figure 9. The height of thecam I345 is preferably of such magnitude that the the starting lever 248will be substantially overcooked, and the elongated hole 286 is providedfor such overcocking and to allow the toggle links 288 and 265 to bereturned to the position shown in Figure 9 by the torsion spring 259.The cam I345 makes one-half revolution for each shift cycle; therefore,the starting lever 248 is recocked at half cycle or one-quarterrevolution of shaft I33I, following which the starting lever 248 ispermitted to lower the stud 242 until it seats in the bottom of theelongated hole 286, and the remainder of the cycle idly rotates cam I345until its low point again underlies the roller I346.

If a tabulation is called for which will require six shift cycles beforethe tabulated position is reached, and the lever 248 is recocked duringthe first cycle, as 'just described, thus raising the T member 292(Figure 8) with it and releasing the operating lever 258, the latterwould, if allowed to return to its neutral position, stop the shiftmechanism when only one of the six required cycles had been completed.

For this reason means have been provided to latch the operating lever258 in its operative position until only a partial cycle of operation isnecessary to reach the tabulated position, at which time the latch willbe disengaged to free the lever 258 and stop the shift.

ing arm latch 385 (Figure 8) is rockably mounted other end against thestud 3; on lever 3I5 (Figure 5). As described in detail hereinbefore,the end control lever 298 (Figur 8) is rocked as For this purpose,operatsoon as the tabulatin r controls are conditioned for a shift, andremains in that position until the tabulated. position has nearly beenreached; therefore, when said end control lever is rocked eitherclockwise or counter-clockwise from its central position, the roller 29%is removed from the nose of the latch 3G5, thereby releasing the latchto roclr clockwise under the urge of spring Elli until its lateralextension 301 abuts the projection 253 of the operating arm 250, andupon subsequent rocking of the operating arm 256 by T member 292 theprojection 253 is removed from behind the lateral extension 301,

allowing said extension to move to a. position v where it underlies oroverlies the projection 253, thereby latching the lever 250 againstreturn movement after the T member 292 is raised.

When the tabulated position has nearly been reached, however, the endcontrol lever 290 returns to the position shown in Figure 8, causing itsroller 296 to ride up the side of nose 309 and rock latch lever 305counter-clockwise to remove lateral extension 30-? from underneath orabove the projection 253 and allow operating arm 250 to return to itsneutral position under the urge of spring i468 (Figure 14), thusterminating the shift, as previously described.

The means effective to stop the carriage shifting operation, initiatedby the master tabulator key 226 without having first selected a positionwith a tabulator selection key 200, comprises a stud 3I3 (Figure 12)riveted to the center frame 3 of the machine so as to lie in'the path ofcontroller 210. It will be recalled that the controller 21E- travels inthe opposite direction to that of the carriage, so that for thisautomatic carriage shift to the left, the controller moves rightwardly.It will also be recalled that the controller 210 will have been, moveddownwardly about its shaft 215, resulting from the rotation of shaft 285and the rocking of control levers 280, and the only possible way toarrest a tabulated shift is to rotate shaft 285 back to neutral. Forthis purpose the stud EIE is in the form of a cone, the upper side ofwhich serves to cam the controller 210 upwardly when it approaches itsextreme right end position, thus rocking control levers 280 and theshaft 285 to their neutral positions and stopping the shift drivingmechanism.

Means are provided to stop a rightward carriage shift initiated by thedepression of the tabulator selection key EEG, followed by some manualmisoperation such as immediately depressing another tabulator selectionkey just enough to release the first key, but not enough to latch thesecond key down, and then allowing said second key also to rise. With noselection key 200 depressed, no control lever- 280 will be positivelyheld to stop a shift, and the driving mechanism might continue to runand attempt to shift the carriage beyond the right end position;therefore, a stud Zita, similar to the stud 3I3 (Figure 12) is rivetedin the left side frame, located in the path of the controller Elli sothat just before the carriage reaches its extreme right end position thecontroller will be cammed downwardly and rock the control lever 286',the shaft 285, and stop the shift driving mechanism.

Dial clearance mechanism As shown in Figure 1, juxtaposed the mastertabulator key 220 is a clear key I22, the depression of which releasesall numeral keys I locked in a depressed position, and simultaneouslyreturns to zero all keyboard. check dials MT, and a Middle dial. clearkey 313 which controls one clear clutch to return to zero all productdials H8, and an Upper dial clear key It It provided to control anotherclear clutch to return to zero all counter dials IBM.

The numeral keys i0!) (Figure 18), secured to their respective key stemsI03, are slidably mounted in their key frames 50! and normally held in araised position by springs I02, but when one of said keys is depressedits lower edge is adapted to impinge upon one of the divergent sides I30of the selection bar I20 and move it a proportional amount dependingupon which key is depressed and lock said bar in a fixed position as thekey stem enters the notch I 3| and, as described in detail in theaforementioned Avery patent, the movement of the selection bar I20rotates the check dial I" a proportional amount, thereby registering thefigure in said check. dial corresponding to the figure delineated on thenumeral key depressed.

On the lower end of key stem I03 is a lug 0 with a curved surface at thebottom thereof, adapted to cam the lock bar II? to the rear against thespring II 8 until the lug II8 passes beneath said lock barand allows itto spring forward to a position where it overlies the lug I I0, therebylocking the key I00 in a depressed position against the tension of thespring I02 unti' the lock bar is again moved a suflicient amount toallow clearance for the lug I I6.

Means are provided whereby the depression of a single clear key willslide the lock bars in all orders of the machine simultaneously, andfree all keys I00 locked in a depressed position. On shaft I28 (Figure17), mounted transversely of the machine, is rockably mounted a clearball I 25 which has an upwardly extending arm I27 underlying a rollerI24 mounted on the stem of the keyboard clear key I22, said stem beingslidably mounted in the usual way and maintained in a raised position byspring I23 tensl'oned between a lug on the lower end of the key stem anda stud riveted to the frame of the machine. When it is desired to clearthe keyboard, the key I22 (Fig ures 1 and 17) is depressed and in itsdownward movement its roller- 2&- impinges the side of arm I21 and rocksbail I25 clockwise about shaft I20 until its pad 28 (Figure 18) contactsthe slidable lock bars I IT and forces them to the rear, therebyreleasing all depressed keys I 00 in the manner previously described.

When a depressed key 5 00 rises out of the notch I3I of its respectiveselection bar I20, as just described, said selection bar is free to moveon its suspending links I28 and S29 (I29 not shown) in response to aspring provided for the purpose, to its forward position, thus by itsconnmtion to the check dial itl' restoring that dial to zero as showncompletely in said Avery patent.

The product and counter dials are cleared by power derived from themotor, instead of manually as in the case of the check dial clearancejust described. Keys 373 and I9I0 (Figure 1) are provided to controlsaid motor power and the clutches driven thereby'to accomplish thisclearance operation.

The Middle dial clear key 313 (Figure 19) by which the clutch 360 iscontrolled, is secured to the upper end of key stem 315 which isslidably mounted on a stationary shaft 3", and rockably mounted at itslower end to bail 3 by means of stud 31!, said bail being pivotallymounted on shaft 344, and a spring 313 .tensioned between the stationaryshaft 314 and one end of stud 31!, thereby maintaining the key 313 andthe bail 345 in the position shown in Figure 19. On the downwardlyextending arm of bail 346 is a shoulder stud 349 adapted to operate inthe L-shaped aperture 348 of link 34?, said link being provided with anose 345 adapted to ride upon stud 343 secured to the framing of themachine when it is moved by bail 346. Rear end of link 34'! is connectedto bell crank 33%, pivotally mounted on stud 311, and having a shoulderstud 318 secured to its upper end adapted to be embraced by thebifurcated forward end of clutch operating lever 319, said operatinglever being made integral with clutch clog 35H which is normally held inposition to lock clutch 333 against rotation by spring 382.

Thus clear clutch 333 is not effective to trans mit power from the motoruntil dog 38! is moved rearwardly to cause clutch engagement. Theconstruction of this type of ciutch is well known and is similar to thatshown in Figure 11 of Friden Patent Number 1,643,710 to which referencemay be-had for details thereof. A cam 3S3-keyed to a sleeve integralwith the driven side of clutch 383 is adapted to impart a clockwiserocking movement to cam follower 33 i, pivoted at 335, and held againstthe cam by spring 333, and to thus move the rigid U-section link 361connected to the upper end thereof. The left end of link 361 ispivotally connected to a'lever 363 fixed to a sleeve 339, splined toslidable shaft 359 which shaft is journaled in and laterally shiftablewith the carriage. This shaft is, therefore, rocked by operation of theclutch 363 no matter what the position of the carriage may be at thetime.

From the foregoing it is evident that upon depression of key 313, clutchdog 33! is rocked counter-clockwise to release clutch 360 and uponengagement of said clutch cam 363 is rotated, the effect of which is toimpart clockwise rocking movement to earn follower 354 andcounter-clockwise movement to shaft 359 to return to zero all productdials, in amanner completely disclosed in the aforesaid Avery patent.

Means are provided to prevent continuous rotation of the clear clutch ifthe'operator should hold the clear key 313 depressed. When link 341 ismoved forwardly as just described, its nose 345 rides up on stud 3433,thereby camming link 341 upwardly to a position where the L-shapedaperture of said link may move rearwardly under the urge of pring 332until the clutch dog 38! contests the housing of clutch 360 on which itrides until said clutch completes its cycle. At this time the dog 38!drops into a recess on said clutch housing, thereby disengaging theclutch until key 313 is again depressed. When the operator releases theclear key, its stem 315 and hail 346 will be restored by spring 312,said restoration thus moving the stud 349 rearwardly until the link 341can drop down to the position shown in Figure 19.

The clearance of the counter dials is accomplished in precisely the samemanner as just described. The connection between the Upper dial clearkey !9 I and its respective clear clutch I9! I, identical to clutch 380,is substantially the same as controlled by key 313. The engagement ofclutch !9!! rotates cam l8l5, the effect of which impartscounter-clockwise rocking movement to cam follower !9!6 about shaft 365,clockwise rocking of lever !9!1 and shaft 354 to return to zero allcounter dials, as described in detail in the aforesaid Avery patent.

interlocks When the master tabulator key 220 is depressed simultaneouslywith either the clear key' 313 or NM, or both, typical in the operationof the present invention, it is necessary to provide means for disablingthe shift controlling mechanism until the clearance operations arecompleted. Said means comprises, in the clear control trains, arm 403and 430A (Figure 19) extending downwardly from hell cranks 31%, eitherof which is adapted to restrain the shift controlling mechanism. Theshift control train includes the centralizer 6433, the lower end ofwhich has pivotally connected thereby by stud Mi 8, the left end .of alink l lli on the other end or which is an elongated hole l3 l4 engagingwith a stud dill secured to bail 433. This construction affords alost-motion connection between bail and lever i433, when operated in oneway, but a positive and effective connection when operated reversely, aswill'be presently described. Bail is pivotally mounted on shaft 433 andthe forwardly extending arm thereof is attached to the lower end of link4%, the upper endoi which is pivotally connected to an arm of interlock333. Said interlcck is pinned to shaft 333, and is provided on the upperend thereof with a lateral extension see adapted to cooperate with arm403 cf bell crank Slit. 1

in the typical operation cited above, in which the master tabulator keyand either or both of the clear keys are simultaneously depressed, thearm 430 (Figure 19) is lowered behind lateral extension 399 at thebeginning of the downward movement of key 313 or !9!!i, to holdinterlock 333 against clockwise movement, before either the shifting orclearing operations are initiated. As the keys are depressed further,the dog 38! releases clutch 368 to function at approximately the sametime as the tabulated shift is tripped for initiation, which, as will berecalled from the previous description, drops T member 292 (Figure 9)onto one of the cars, 25! or 252, of operat- 'ing arm 2553 under thetension of spring 245,

thus tending to rock arm 250 (Figure 14) and lever 5315, during whichrocking, centralizer I403 must be forced to the left, carrying with itlink Nit-(Figure 19). The stud 43!, being at the right end of elongatedho1e'l4i4 is thus forced toward the left to impart clockwise rocking ofbail 402, upward movement to link 404, and clockwise rocking tointerlock 333. But the arm 400, having been lowered behind lateralextension 399, prevents this rocking of interlock 393 and restrains themovement of the shift train just described, back as far as the leversi483 and I48! (Figure 14) which compress spring M93 and function todelay the shift operation until the clear clutch has completed itscycle. At this time the dog 38! (Figure 19) riding on the housing of theclutch 346, drops into a recess therein, and raises arms 403 and/or 400Ato the position shown in Figure 19. The interlock 393 will thus be freeto rock clockwise and allow the shifting operation to start. Thefunction of noses 381 and 383, acting through car 384 to levers 385 and388 to close the electric motor switch, is disclosed completely in theaforesaid Avery patent.

The performance of calculations on the calculating machine incorporatingthe tabulator above described, ordinaril involves an automatic shift ofthe carriage, or requires a traverse of the carriage by some means; andthe tabulator was con- 7 ceived for the primary purpose of returning thecarriage to a given. position after certain calculations and ensuingcarriage shifting operations. Therefore, it is imperative to providemeans for preventing operation of latch 305 (Figure 8) except when thetabulator controls are effective, in order to prevent certainmisfunctions. From the foregoing description of the tabulator settingmechanism, it will be recalled that when the carriage is moved a slightamount out of its tabulated position, the shaft 285 and end controllever 290 is rocked to such an extent that roller 295 is removed fromnose 309, thus releasing latch 305 into operation. This all occurs atthe beginning of the first shift cycle which we may assume was initiatedby an automatic shift in mulcontinue indefinitely sinc the latch 305 canbe disengaged by the tabulating controls only.

Means have been provided, therefore, to disable latch 305 except duringa shift initiated by the tabulator controls, thereby making thismisfunction impossible. Restraining lever 3I5 (Fig-. ure 5) is freelymounted on shaft 285 and is held in a position with its shoulder 3I1normally against the roller 291 mounted on stud 293 (Fig ure 8) rivetedto lever 240, by the pressure of torsion spring 3I0 against the stud3I0. 3I8 is formed on the restraining lever 3I5, whicn operates inconjunction with the lateral extension 301 of latch 305, and the partsare shown in Figure 5 in the positions occupied when the tabulatorstarting lever 240 is inits raised or cooked position with the ear 3I8restraining the clockwise movement of latch 305. If a shift is initiatedby the starting lever 240, roller 291 travel downwardly with startinglever 240 and rocks member 3I5 clockwise about shaft 285 to remove ear3E8 from behind lateral extension 301, thereby releasing latch 305 tolatch operating arm 250. During the first shift cycle, when startinglever 240 and roller 301 are raised, lever 3I5 is also released to beraised by spring 3I0 until its ear 3I8 contacts the underneath surface303 of lever 305, which has been rocked clockwise to engage operatingarm 250. reached the latch 305 will be rocked counterclockwise in themanner described hereinbefore, thereby allowing the member 3I5 to riseto the restraining position shown in Figure 5.

If a directional shift key I405 or I400 is depressed, however, thestarting lever 240 will not Anear.

function, and latch 305 will be restrained, mak-.

ing it possible for lever 250 to rock about shaft I485 and return to itscentralized position upon release of the shift key. I v

Figure '1 illustrates the form of the lateral extension 301 which makesit possible for ear 35:; (Figures 5 and '1) of lever 3I5 to engagelateral extension 301 of latch 305 and still allow projection 253 ofoperating arm 250 to move up and down and also engage extension 301.

Means are provided to disable the tabulator starting mechanism when thecarriage occupies the position corresponding to a depressed tabulatorkey. 0n the lower section of control lever 290 (Figure 6) is riveted astud 298 adapted to engage in the slot 32I. of tabulator disabling lever320, said disabling lever being freely rockable on stud 252, andprovided with a nose 322 adapted to engage one end of a stud 23! rivetedto bail link 231. When the carriage occupies the position correspondingto a depressed tabulator key, the shaft 285 and control lever 200 are intheir neutral position and hold the disabling lever 320 in the positionshown in Figure 6 where its nose 322 lies in the path of stud 23I, sothat upon depression of either the master tabulator key 220 or atabulator selection key 200 to rock the tabulator bail 235counter-clockwise and initiate a shift, the bail link 221 is rockedcounterclockwise about stud 233 as the stud 23I rides over the end ofnose 322, thereby preventing the contact of shoulder 230-(Fig'ure 4) oflink 231 with the lower surface of the car 261 of the interponent 2B0,movement of which trips the toggle and releases the starting lever 240.If the carriage is out of the position corresponding to a depressedtabulator key, however, the shaft 205 and end control lever 290, aspreviously described, will have been rocked clockwise orcounter-clockwise, thereby rocklng disabling lever 320 and moving nose322 thereon out of the path of stud 23I, thus allowing bail link 231(Figure 4) to function normally and initiate a tabulated shift.

Means are also provided to allow the'toggle and tabulator starting-lever240 to return to and be locked in their initial positions, even thoughthe operator may hold a tabulator key depressed after one-half of thefirst shift cycle has been completed. The starting lever 240 (Figure 9)its upward position, projection 241 will force link When the tabulatedposition is 231 out of engagement with interponent 260 and allow saidinterponent to return to its extreme counter-clockwise position beforethe starting lever 240 is recocked, thereby preventing repeated trippingof the starting lever 240 during each shift cycle.

Typical methods of use in calculation Specific examples of theoperations capable of being effected by the various tabulator keys andother control keys of the machine, will most clearly illustrate theadvantages of the present invention in connection with a machine of thegeneral type disclosed in the Patent Number 2,271,240.

In addition to the clear keys I22, I13, and I9I0 (Figure 1), the shiftkeys I405 and I400, and the automatic .tabulating shift describedhereinbefore, the above mentioned machine comprises a zero multiply keyMM and a series of multiplier keys 2002 for performing themultiplication of a number set up in the numeral keys I 00, a singledepression of any one of which will effect a carriage shift one order tothe left or to the right, depending upon which shift directional controlkey I20I or I202 has been previously set.

If, for example, in office routine calculations, an operator makes aseries of computations of the same type, such as multiplication, inwhich the multipliers comprise from two to five digits, the operator maylatch down the number four tabulator selection key which is to the highof the mean between the two and five digit multipliers just mentioned.If the size of the multipliers is usually the same, however, with onlyan occasional deviation therefrom, he will, of course,

depress the tabulator selection key corresponding to the number ofdigits in the most; frequently occurring multiplier. Assume, however,that he selects and depresses thenurnber four tabulator selection key toeffect return of the carriage to number four position after eachcalculation by the depression of the master tabulator key 220,simultaneously with the clear keys. If the multipiier oi the nextexample is a threedigit numher, for instance was, the operator willconsecutively depress the l7--2-5 multiplier keys 260i and sees, thezero serving to shift the carriage one order to the left before themultiplication operation functions. It the multiplier in the nextproblem is a two-digit number, for instance 88, the operator willdepress -0-6-8 on the multiplier keys, thereby shifting the carriage twoorders to the left before effecting the multiplication by six and eight.If the next problem, however, has a five-digit multiplier, the operatorwill make a short depression of the right hand directional shift keysees and immediately begin the multiplication.

in another series of calculations the multiplier varies widely andlnconsistently, so that no position can be readily selected, the properone of the series of tabulator selection keys can be completelydepressed after each computation, and the carriage shift will beinitiated and automatically terminated in the selected position.

For the convenience of operators who have become accustomed to startingall calculations with the carriage in one or the other of the extremeend positions, means have been provided whereby the present machine maybe conditioned to return the carriage to either end position. Thedepression of the master tabulator key without any selection having beenmade by the depression of a tabulator selection key, will operate justthe same as when the number one tabulator selection key is depressed andwill always shift the carriage to the number one position; while, if theother extreme position is desired, the latching down of the stem 2% ofthe number eight tabulator selection key will always return the carriageto the other end position upon subsequent depression of the mastertabulator key.

The entire arrangement possesses a flexibility that readily adapts it touse onany problems that may arise. For instance, if after using a numberof multipliers ranging from two to five digits each, as above described,a number'of multipliers are encountered ranging from five to sevendigits, the number six tabulator selection key may be depressed for thefirst one in this group, and then the master tabulator key used for theremainder of the group in the general manner above described. Also,instead of making a series of extensions in the order listed, anoperator could at his option, first extend all calculations involvingthree-digit multipliers, then all those involving four-digitmultipliers, et cetera, depressing the proper tabulator selection keyfor the first calculation in each group and the master tabulator key forthe remainder of the group.

With the arrangement disclosed, the operator can utilize the mastertabulator key in, any of these many ways to which it is adapted, and atthe same time effect the clearance of any desired combination of dials,without any preconditioning operation being required in order to secureany of the many various results.

For instance, by depressing the master tabulator key and all three clearkeys simultaneously, all dials will be restored to zero and the desiredpositioning oi the carriage secured, all by a single manual stroke ofthe operator. However, by merely varying the combination of keyssimultaneously depressed, any one of a large number of different resultsmay be secured by a similar time; while to accumulate products, hesimultaneously depresses the master tabulator key 229, keyboard clearhey its, and upper dial clear key will; and to retain a constantmultiplicand, he

simultaneously depresses the master tabulator key 22d, the middle dialclear key tilt, and the upper dial clear key Kilt. [any of the abovecombinations executed Without the depression of the master tabulatorlrey will clear the selected dials and leave the carriage fixed as may,for

instance, be desired for making an addition.

Sequence of mechanical operations A summary of the functions or themechanisms resulting from one of the foregoing examples will aid inunderstanding the invention as a whole; therefore, let us use the firstexample cited above, in which the number four tabulator selection keyhas been depressed to shift the carriage to the number four position,and in this case Figure 2 will represent the fourth or controlling orderof the machine in which the tabulator selection key 2% has remainedpartially latched down by look A bar hit after the shittinitiatedthereby, and the notch in the lower end of key stem 262 has forced lever255 counter-clockwise so as to press its roller 2H3 against thedivergent sides 2M of control lever 289 to rotate it to its intermediateposition as shown. With the controller 216 in the position correspondingto the depressed key, its intermediate step 216A (Figure 12) is at restin the controlling order with the shaft, 285 in neutral. Before theensuing multiplication the shift direction control key Hill (Figure l)is depressed to control the automatic shift mechanism for a shift to theleft, so that as an incident to the subsequent multiplication operationresulting from the manipulation of the multiplier keys 2002, anautomatic shift, one order to the left occurs after the multiplicationby'each digit, until the computation is completed and the carriagereaches the number one position. During the automatic shifting operationJust mentioned, the controller ill) (Figure 10) moves an equal amount,but to the right, and the control lever 280 (Figure 2) of the fourthorder being held by roller fillt, controller 270 (Figure 10) is cammedupwardly and transmit its rocking movement to all control levers 28%! tothe right of the control ling order. Shaft 235 is thus rocked clockwise,thereby rocking end control lever 299 (Figure 8) which through link 29|rocks 'l member 292 to the right, so that its arm 295 overlies the ear252 of the operating arm 250. With the calculation completed and thetabulating mechanism thus automatically set, the dials of the machineare cleared by the simultaneous depression of the three clear keys 22,313, and 1910 (Figure 1) and the master tabulator key 220 to initiate atabulated return shift to the number four posioperating bail 235counterclockwise, carrying the bail link 2st upwardly so that itsshoulder 219 contacts the lower surface of lateral extension 28 l theupper side of which is in a position against the shoulder 265 so thatupon clockwise rotation of the interponen't 286, the toggle joint 28! ismoved to the right until it passes center to release operating arm 240which rocks downwardly carrying with it the T member 292 and rockingoperating arm 25s clockwise.

This results in a similar rocking of shaft 88 (Figure 14), thus movingarm 8! and link I483 to the left, the lever I315 clockwise, the link I!"to the right, control-dog I30! clockwise, and the dog I302 intoengagement with ratchet I!" to initiate carriage shifting to the right.

During the first shift cycle the cam i345 (Figure 9) is rotated, thuscamming roller I346 upwardly and forcing cam follower l3"counter-clockwise, lever 30!! clockwise, and starting lever 2" upwardlyto a position shown in Figure 9, with the toggle links 288 and 265 andinterponent 2" in the position shown to lock the starting lever 240 inits raised position. This recocking occurs during the first shift cycle,while threemore cycles are necessary to bring the carriage to the numberfour position. The T member 292 was thus raised from engagement with theoperating arm 250 '(Figure 8), but said operating arm is held by latch305, moved into engagement therewith at the beginning of the shift,which retains lever 25!] in its operating position until the tabulatedposition has been reached.

The controller 210 (Figure 10) moves'leftwardly towards the controllingorder during this tabulated shift until it is forced downwardly by thecontroi lever 28!! of the controlling order, thereby rocking all thecontrol levers except the number four counter-clockwise and forcingshaft 285 back to its neutral position shown in Figure 8. The endcontrol lever 290 and its roller 29E thereupon engage the nose 305 androck lever 305 counterclockwise to release the operating arm 250, thusstopping the shift.

The Avery patent application Serial Number 503,056, filed September 20,1943, claims certain subject matter disclosed but not claimed in thepresent application.

Iclaim:

1. In a machine of the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarriage; th combination of carriage position mechanism settable to aposition corresponding to the position occupied by said carriageincluding means operable in synchronism with the movement of saidcarriage for setting said mechanism, tabulation control means settableto indicate a desired position of said carriage, direction control meansselectively settable to control the direction of operation of saidcarriage shifting means, and direction setting means comprising a seriesof members displaceable in opposite directions from a neutral positionbysaid carriage position mechanism and adapted to be individuallyrestored to neutral position by said tabulation control means, saiddirection setting means being responsive to such restoration of adisplaced member for setting said direction control means.

' 2. In a machine of the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarriage; the combination of carriage position mechanism settable to aposition corresponding to the position occupied by said carriageincluding means operable in synchronisrn with the movement of saidcarriage for setting said mechanism, tabulation control means settableto indicate a desired position of said carriage, direction control.

means selectively settable to control the direction of operation of saidcarriage shifting means, direction setting means comprising a series ofmembers displaceable in opposite directions from a neutral position bysaid carriage position mecha- -3. In a machine 01 the class describedhavinz a frame, a carriage transversely shlftable thereon. and motordriven means for shifting said carriage; the combination of carriageposition mechanism settable to a position corresponding to the positionoccupied by said carriage including means operable insynchronism withthe movement of said carriage for setting said mechanism, tabulationcontrol means settable to indicate a desired position of said carriage,direction control means control means upon movement of said carriagethrough the position indicated by a setting oi said tabulation controlmeans after setting of said tabulation control means.

4. In a machine of the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiitable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarriage; the combination of tabulation control means settable toindicate a desired position of said carriage, direction control meansselectively settable to control the direction of operation of saidcarriage shifting means, a device normally effective to set saiddirection control means to predetermine the carriage shifting direction,means settable by said tabulation control means for superseding thecontrol of said direction control means by said device, means forinitiatin operation of said carriage shifting means, and meanscomprising a member operable independently of said tabulation controlmeans ior actuat ing said operation initiating means.

5. In a machine of the class described having a. frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon. and motor driven means for shifting saidcar'- riage; the combination of tabulation control means settable toindicate a desired position of said carriage, direction control meansselectively settable to control the direction of operation of saidcarriage shifting means, a. device normally aseaaea eration of saidcarriage shifting means, means operable by a single manual stroke forsetting said tabulation control means and actuating said operationinitiating means, and means comprising a member operable independentlyof said tabulation control means for actuating said operation initiatingmeans.

6. In a machine of the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarriage; the combination of carriage position mechanism sett able to aposition corresponding to the position occupied by said carriageincluding means operable in synchronism with the movement of saidcarriage for setting said mechanism, tabulation control means settableto selectively control the direction of operation of said carriageshifting means in either direction, means for initiating operation ofsaid carriage shifting means, means operable by a single manual strokefor setting said tabulation control means and actuating said operationinitiating means, means comprising a member operable independently ofsaid tabulation control means for causing said operation initiatingmeans to initiate operation of said carriage shifting means in adirection controlled by said tabulation control means, and meanscontrolled by said carriage position mechanism and automaticallyefiective as the carriage moves into an end position for arrestingoperation of said carriage shifting means.

'7. In a machine or the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarriage; the combination of carriage position mech anism settable to aposition corresponding to the position occupied by said carriageincluding tabulation control means and actuating said operationinitiating means; means comprising a means comprising a series ofdepressible keys set-- table to indicate the several positions of saidcarriage, means for latching the stems of said keys in depressedposition, means for initiating operation of said carriage shiftingmeans, means operable by the stems of any of a plurality of said keysupon depression thereof beyond their latched. positions for actuatingsaid operation initiating means, and means controlled by the stem of adepressed one Of said keys for arresting operation of said carriageshifting means upon movement of said carriage to the one of saidpositions indicated by said depressed key.

it. In a machine of the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarcarriage, means for latching the stems of said keys in depressedposition, direction control means selectively settable to control thedirection of operation .of said carriage shifting means, directionsetting means settable by said tabulation control means for selectivelysetting said direction control means, means for initiating operation ofsaid riage shifting means upon movement of said cardependently of saidtabulation control means for actuating said operation initiating means,and means controlled by said carriage position mechanism andautomatically effective as the carriage moves into an end position forarresting operation of said carriage shifting means.

8. In a machine of the class described having a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon,

and motor driven means for shifting said carriage; the combination orcarriage position mechanism settable to a position corresponding to theposition occupied by said carriage including means operable insynchronism with the movement of said carriage for setting saidmechanism, tabula tion control means settable to indicate a desiredposition of said carriage, direction control means selectively settableto control the direction of operation oi said carriage shifting means, adevice normally efiective to set said direction control means topredetermine the carriage shifting direction, means settable by saidtabulation control means for superseding the control of said directioncontrol means by said device, means for initiating operation of saidcarriage shifting means, means operable by a single manual stroke forsetting said riage to the one of said positions indicated by saiddepressed key. y

11. In a machine of the class describedhaving. a frame, a carriagetransversely shiftable thereon, and motor driven means for shifting saidcarriage; the combination of carriage position mechanism settable to aposition corresponding to the position occupied by said carriageincluding means operable in synchronism with the movement of saidcarriage for setting said mechanism, tabulation control means comprisinga series of depressible keys settable to indicate the several positionsof said carriage, means for latching the stems of said keys in depressedposition, direction control means selectively settable to control thedirection of operation of said carriage shifting means, directionsetting means comprising a series of members displaceable in oppositedirections from a neutral position by said carriage position mechanismand adapted to be individually restored to neutral position, by saidtabulation control means, and means responsive to such restoration of adisplaced memher for setting said direction control means; means forinitiating operation of said carriage shifting means, and means operableby the stems ofany of a plurality of said keys upon depression thereofbeyond their latched positions, for actuating said operation initiatingmeans.

